Reactive oxygen speciesRedox homeostasisReactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and cellular redox homeostasis play important role in regulating plant tolerance to abiotic stress. ROS can be produced in chloroplast, mitochondria, and peroxisomes. Under normal conditions, ROS can be efficiently scavenged ...
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by the aerobic metabolism. The imbalance between production of ROS and antioxidant defense in any cell compartment is associated with cell damage and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of renal disease. NADPH oxidase (NOX) family is the ...
Cell stressors, such as elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), adversely affect hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) reconstituting ability. However, the effects of ROS have not been evaluated in the context of hematopoietic development from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Using our ...
Reactive oxygen species act as mediator between innate and adaptive immune cells, thereby influencing the antigen-presenting process that results in T cell activation. Evidence from patients with chronic granulomatous disease and mouse models support the function of ROS in preventing abnormal autoimmunity;...
Stimulated neutrophils activate their NADPH oxidase (NOX2) to generate large amounts of superoxide, which acts as a precursor of hydrogen peroxide and other reactive oxygen species that are generated by their heme enzyme myeloperoxidase. When neutrophils engulf bacteria they enclose them in small ...
Generation of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and human sperm function. consistent with a causative role for lipid peroxidation in the etiology of defective sperm function and also suggest a possible physiological role for the reactive oxygen species generated by human spermatozoa in ...
Positive thyroid autoantibodies represent the activation of the immune system, activate complement or antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. This pathological process triggers excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which leads to increased oxidative stress in target organs [64,65]. ROS is produced...
(GSSG) ratio and an upregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which impairs the formation and maintenance of memory CD8+T cells [58]. After the activation of AMPK mediated by metformin (Met), the metabolic behavior of the cells shifted from glycolysis to fatty acid oxidation (...
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are signaling molecules involved in oxygen sensing. However, source and oxygen-dependence of ROS formation remain unclear. We tested effects of acute hypoxia on mitochondrial function of A549 cells and measured ROS formation by DCF fluorescence and chemiluminescence. NADH ...
Wu Y, Frisard M, Shabrokh E, Voelker K, McMilian RP, Hulver MW. The role of toll-like receptor 4 in mitochondrial function and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in skeletal muscle. FASEB J (2011) 25(1 Suppl): 1051.22.