Beyond mechanisms for public domain reporting and oversight by mandated national audit and parliamentary bodies, ongoing debates also need to address the risk of corruption in pandemic financing, whether in the form of bribes, embezzlement, fraudulent contracts, inflated pricing, insider trading or diver...
Bioenergy accounted for 70% of renewable energy used in the world in the year 2019 of which 25% was used in transport sector mainly in the form of liquid biofuel [6]. However, the supply side especially in Africa represents a huge bottleneck that will reduce the expected potential return ...
At the Nokia level, we currently estimate we will deliver comparable operating profit of between EUR 1.9 and 2.4 billion in 2025. We also target free cash flow conversion from comparable operating profit of between 50% and 80%. Excluding the one-time items that benefited 2024 by...
The ability of governments to finance development is undermined by illicit financial flows that cause revenue losses. Illicit financial flows—“financial flows that are illicit in origin, transfer, or use, and that cross country borders”—are facilitated by jurisdictions that offer secrecy or lower ...
In December 2023, Bermuda passed into law a new 15% CIT, which will take effect for periods from 1 January 2025. Broadly, the tax applies to those Bermudian companies which are in scope of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) global minimum tax, and closely fol...
In the actor–actor mode, communication links between the actors in the network were identified by quantifying the associating actors in the notes using Ravar Matrix software in the form of an n–n matrix. Then, the data on nodes (actors) and links (number of companions in the notes) were...
In the case of Chile we searched directly for “FONASA” and “ISAPRE” and in the case of Germany for “GKV” “PKV” from PubMed, Google Scholar. We also searched from the OECD document repository together with documents in the public domain such as policy releases and comments. ...
(OECD2009), and what constitutes a no-regret policy for some countries may be considered pure adaptation for others, there are some well-known policies that could increase the resilience of society to climate change even if that is not their primary goal. These policies address drivers of ...
The US Department of Commerce has recently produced a report criticising medicines price controls in OECD countries, which applies the same arguments to those jurisdictions[28]. These claims will need to be tested against available evidence.
In addition, the macro environment has moved in our direction as the global energy transition gathers pace and recent geo-political events have shone a spotlight on the importance and value of large mineral resources located in safe, OECD jurisdictions, with Greenland probably being the final ...