3c). Taking the negatively charged wall of the microchannel as an example, when the liquid contacts the negatively charged wall of the microchannel, the cations in the liquid gather on the wall of the microchannel to form a thin electric double layer (EDL) (0.1 nm-10 nm). Under the ...
3). It indicates that Hal531 likely represents an ancestral form of Trp-halogenases that originated from non-actinomycetes such as alphaproteobacteria. However, this hypothesis requires further investigation. Since the function of these closely related halogenases in alphaproteobacteria is unknown, it ...
For example, it can describe that the connectivity of two small molecules is identical but the structures differ in stereochemistry, or that one molecule is the deprotonated form of the other. This approach is easily applied to nanomaterial identifiers. We can formalize the idea that two ...
An overview of PRO is provided in Figure 1. For brevity, we refer to the protein evolution component as ProEvo and the protein forms component as ProForm. Figure 1 PRO protein ontology overview. The figure shows the current (partial) working model and a subset of the possible connections to...
The influence of microbiota in ecological interactions, and in particular competition, is poorly known. We studied competition between two insect species, the invasive pest Drosophila suzukii and the model Drosophila melanogaster, whose larval ecological
Are there other attachment mechanisms active in the toe pads and how do these mechanisms interact? Several questions concerning the functional morphology of the attachment apparatus also remain open. Can the smooth soft toe pads of tree frogs conform closely to rough substrates to form a large area...
To evaluate and understand the prevalence of HPV genotypes and characteristics of female populations in specific areas and the relationship with cervical lesions, which can effectively guide cervical cancer screening and formulate HPV vaccine prevention strategies. Methods A total of 77,443 women who vis...
Over the past decade, DNA has demonstrated remarkable potential in fabrication of molecular logic and arithmetic systems. In this work, a simple DNA-based system mimicking a full-subtractor that handles three inputs including one minuend and two subtrahe
The E. histolytica strain Rahman is considered to be avirulent in axenic culture since it shows reduced cytopathic activity on epithelial cells and does not form liver abscesses in animal models [5, 6]. Data are, however, insufficient to assign virulence properties to specific genotypes of E....
At a time when there is a growing public interest in animal welfare, it is critical to have objective means to assess the way that an animal experiences a situation. Objectivity is critical to ensure appropriate animal welfare outcomes. Existing behaviou