Around the UB tips, nephron progenitor cells (NPCs) polymerize to form the cap mesenchyme (CM) and further differentiate into pretubular aggregate (PTA), renal vesicle (RV), s-shaped body (SSB), podocyte, proximal tubules, and loops of Henle through sophisticated mesenchymal–epithelial ...
In this paper, we demonstrate a novel polarization hologram that manifests the complete manipulation degree-of-freedom in local hologram attributes. The arbitrary wavefront recording ability is achieved by freeform surface exposure, while the inkjet-printed liquid crystal is adopted to further adjust t...
3c). Taking the negatively charged wall of the microchannel as an example, when the liquid contacts the negatively charged wall of the microchannel, the cations in the liquid gather on the wall of the microchannel to form a thin electric double layer (EDL) (0.1 nm-10 nm). Under the ...
The overuse of antibiotics has led to lethal multi-antibiotic-resistant microorganisms around the globe, with restricted availability of novel antibiotics. Compared to conventional antibiotics, evolutionarily originated antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are
To improve the dispersibility, TCO-modified long-chained PEG molecules were adopted to modify the surface of Pd@Au nanoplates and endow them with excellent dispersibility in saline even after 24 h incubation at room temperature, as compared to Pd@Au that form distinct precipitate, verified the ...
Then digested for 4 h with gentle shaking (30 r/min) in the dark at room temperature. The protoplasts were filtered with cell strainer (40 μm diameter, Falcon #352,340) and transferred to a centrifuge tube containing phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (with 0.04% BSA), then slightly mix ...
The formation of the nervous system requires a balance between proliferation, differentiation, and migration of neural progenitors (NPs). Mutations in genes regulating development impede neurogenesis and lead to neuropsychiatric diseases, including autis
With this method, EPS of the pixel at different wavelengths can be adjusted accordingly to the orthogonal polarization control requirement. To demonstrate this method, we start with the general form of Jones matrix for an elliptic cylinder metaatom given by26 $$J(\lambda ) = R\left( { - \...
Near-infrared luminophores have many advantages in advanced applications, especially for structures without π-conjugation aromatic rings. However, the fabrication of red clusteroluminogens from nonconjugated polymers is still a big challenge, let alone
Understanding the mechanistic effects of novel immunotherapy agents is critical to improving their successful clinical translation. These effects need to be studied in preclinical models that maintain the heterogenous tumor microenvironment (TME) and dys