HBP has been shown to influence many aspects of tumor biology, including metastasis development [15]. In addition, increased flux through the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) produces more NAPDH to meet bioenergetic demands [16]. Most cancer cells rely on the aerobic glycolysis pathway for their ...
In addition, G6P is directed into the HBP, generating UDP-GlcNAc, a critical substrate for protein glycosylation. During the last stage of glycolysis, LDH converts pyruvate to lactate. KRAS mutation enhances glutamine uptake and its conversion to glutamate by GLS, which feeds into the TCA cycle...
The addition of glucosamine should be an effective means of driving the HBP/O-GlcNAc, since glucosamine can be directly phosphorylated to form glucosamine-6-phosphate by hexokinase, bypassing glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), a key rate-limiting enzyme for the formation of UDP...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are phospholipid bilayer-enclosed biological particles that are secreted by almost all living cells including animals, plants, and microorganisms. Chinese herbal medicines (CHM) have a long history of using plant-based remedies to treat and prevent human diseases. Chinese h...
Roughly 2–5% of glucose feeds into the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) to generate UDP-GlcNAc, the sugar donor for O-GlcNAcylation [8]. The key rate-limiting enzyme in the HBP pathway is glutamine–fructose-6-phosphate amido transferase (GFAT), which converts fructose-6-phosphate into...
Upon ER stress, IRE1α is auto-phosphorylated and transformed into an active dimer, catalyzing the excision of an intron from the X box-binding protein 1-unspliced isoform (XBP1u) mRNA (Zhang et al. 2021a, b; Sun et al. 2022). The resulting spliced form of XBP1 (XBP1s) is a highl...
cereale, and its homologous gene HBP1 (Os08g0506700) interacts with POH1 to directly regulate the expression of the key factor Hd1 during rice flowering [70]. In addition, the expression pattern of ScbHLH120 was observed to be similar to the homologous gene (AT4G30410) in Arabidopsis [71...
The number of pregnant animals in the untreated POI and EV-treated arms was the only acceptable data entry form for the pregnancy rate meta-analysis. A random-effects model was utilized due to a high amount of heterogeneity in the treatment regimens and POI models used in the included studies...
Recent years have witnessed a gradual increase in both the incidence and mortality rates of BCa [1], significantly impacting patients’ health and quality of life. The predominant form of BCa is urothelial carcinoma, which can manifest clinically as a spectrum ranging from asymptomatic microscopic ...
This interaction between nanovesicles and pathogens, facilitated by surface interactions with proteins like hemoglobin-binding protein 35 (HBP 35), helps maintain microbial balance [35]. In addition, Rehmannia-derived nanovesicles could inhibit biofilm formation and target the virulence gene sxt2 through ...