These medications later undergo re-oxidation to form disulfide bonds. However, this approach is restricted to drugs soluble in lipids and faces difficulties expanding its application. Furthermore, there are cases where the inclusion of reducing agents can lead to potential toxicity [86]. Thermal ...
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have garnered a lot of attention in recent years. The solar energy to power conversion efficiency of a DSSC is influenced by various components of the cell such as the dye, electrolyte, electrodes and additives among others leading to varying experimental confi...
ITO glasses had been eroded to form plan electrodes before the spin coating process,and cleaned successively in de-ionized water,acetone and ethanol,for10min each.For ease of comparison,we prepared mesoporous TiO2(M-TiO2thin films using the same process.The molar ratio of P123/ 1-butanol/...
48,49,50]. GQDs can be finally obtained using a variety of macromolecular or small molecular substances [51] as the starting materials through high temperature and pressure [52,53,54,55]. The principle is to break the bonds between carbon materials to form GQDs via high temperature under hig...
To determine the connection between each patch and all other patches in a single input sequence, the MSA uses a scaled dot-product form of attention, as shown in Equation (1): Attention(Q, K, V) = So f tmax √Qkt v, dk (1) where Q means query vector, V is a value dimensional ...
However, finding consensus regarding the necessary capabilities remains challenging (DSSC, Citation2024; Möller et al., Citation2024). This research addresses this challenge by introducing data spaces as a new form of meta-organisation that we define as “organisations comprising multiple legally ...
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) The negative impacts from existing energy source, such as environmental impacts, and the increasing scarcity of energy resources have prompted the need for cheap, renewable, and clean energy technologies. Solar energy has been a major focus of modern science and en...
Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that play critical roles in the initiation and modulation of the innate and adaptive immune systems. DCs are leukocytes generated from bone marrow (BM) and are the most powerful form of antigen-presenting cells. Therefore, when pathogens...
MWNTs were mixed with P25 to form an under-layer of the photoanode to improve the electron transmission ability of the photoanode. The power conversion efficiency of this kind of DSSC with bi-layer was enhanced to 5.13%, which is 14.25% higher than that of pure P25 DSSC.Graphical A bi-...
Co–Ni nanoparticlesNanoparticles/CNTs nanohybridsUPSWork functionDSSC counter electrodeDye sensitized solar cellsWe report here on the use of pulsed KrF-laser deposition technique (PLD) for the decoration of Multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by Co–Ni nanoparticles (NPs) to form highly efficient ...