It is well established that MSCs cultured in self-aggregated spheroids form necrotic cores, due to limited nutrient availability at the core of spheroids [45]. Our small MSC spheroids (200 MSCs per spheroid, approximately 120 μm diameter) had few apoptotic cells and almost no necrotic cells (...
The microbiota and metabolites in the gastrointestinal tracts of female animals at different reproductive periods are very important to the growth, development, and health of themselves and their offspring. However, the changes in the gastrointestinal mi
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Use of an engineered technique to re-form detailed lobule structure must be considered as lobule organization in vivo is recognized to have a biological effect on blood and bile flow as well as hepatocyte phenotype and zonality [160]. The influence of 3D-printed scaffold pore geometry has ...
Sonic hedgehog (Shh), a secreted signaling protein, is essential for morphogenesis and neurogenesis in the developing brain and the maintenance of adult neurogenic niches [59,84]. During gastrulation, both the prechordal plate and the notochord produce and form Shh gradients to regulate the morpholo...
genome sequence information was publicly available prior to this study, only the speciesAmphibacillus xylanus,Clostridium clariflavum, andLactobacillus acidophilusare of importance for the biogas microbiomes analyzed, but did not reach the level of abundance as determined forM. bourgensisandD. tunisiens...
[28,29]. Some researchers have associated the reduction of the genome size in amniotes with a decrease in intron size [30]. Alternatively, genome size has also been correlated with the frequency and size of repetitive elements [25]. Notably, Pleuronectiform species contain less than 9.0% ...
Serotype 2 is considered the most virulent form of the bacteria and is the serotype most frequently isolated from diseased animals [2]. S. suis 2 is also an emerging zoonotic agent and has been isolated from a wide range of mammalian species, including humans, who are often infected via ...
Twenty sea bass families were produced to initiate a 3 month test in 6 month-old individual sea bass. This challenge was seeded with 20 individuals of each family (N= 400), minimizing tank effects. During the full challenge, fish were regularly submitted to acute stress, then could recover...
cAMP is sensed by cAMP-receptors, which form an unusual family of GPCRs [2]. Signalling via cARs is mediated by Gα2, one of the 14 Gα proteins of D. discoideum, however, many cAMP responses are also independent of G proteins [3]. Several other signaling molecules such as cell ...