Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) play a critical role in the progression, diagnosis, and treatment of prostate cancer (PCa), particularly within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Acting as novel biomarkers and agents for targeted biological therapy, s
MUC1 is a highly glycosylated transmembrane protein with a high molecular weight. It plays a role in lubricating and protecting mucosal epithelium, participates in epithelial cell renewal and differentiation, and regulates cell adhesion, signal transduct
The Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) protein plays a key pathogenic role in oncogenesis, cancer progression, and metastasis. Numerous studies have explored the role of metabolic alterations in KRAS-driven cancers, providing a scientific
In the context of solving discrete problems, transfer functions are extensively utilized to map continuous space into discrete space, thereby effectively determining particle positions within the binary search space. The primary advantages of transfer functions include their ability to preserve the search c...
Chemical-dependent communication refers to a mode of communication between organisms, typically microorganisms, that relies on producing and detecting chemical signals. In this form of communication, organisms release specific chemical compounds, known as signalling molecules or cues, into their environment ...
Although promising results are obtained, patients develop a high rate of resistance to ADT, hence classified as castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) [7]. Novel AR-targeted treatments such as enzalutamide and abiraterone in combination with ADT represent effective therapy options for hormone-...
CRPC is a form of prostate cancer that continues its progression following androgen deprivation therapy and is characterized by a persistent rise in PSA levels and a deterioration of clinical symptoms. While advances have been made in the treatment of CRPC, it persists as the leading cause of ...
The phytochemical investigation on the methanol extract of the rhizomes of Atractylodes macrocephala resulted in the discovery of one new compound 9α-hydroxyatractylenolide (1) and 21 known compounds including atractylone (2), 3β-acetoxyatractylon (3), atractylenolide I (4), atractylenolide II ...
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related death among males in Western countries [1]. Since the seminal work of Huggins and Hodges, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has been the cornerstone for the management of aggressive PCa [2]. ...
Since 2015, stroke has become the leading cause of death and disability in China, posing a significant threat to the health of its citizens as a major chronic non-communicable disease. According to the China Stroke High-risk Population Screening and Inte