This paper addresses the issue of freight rate risk measurement via value at risk (VaR) and forecast combination methodologies while focusing on detailed performance evaluation. We contribute to the literature in three ways: First, we reevaluate the performance of popular VaR estimation methods on ...
cargo transport pricing, and logistics fees estimation are only a few examples of the standardized data used by online freight cost calculators. These techniques may not account for fuel prices, seasonal demand, or route constraints. Thus, while they provide a starting point, their...
aMethods for estimation of surface exhalation rate by accumulation method in the environment 方法为表面发散作用率的估计由储积方法在环境里[translate] avalidate against validate against[translate] a国内日渐复杂的射孔现场和井筒环境 Home day after day complex perforation scene and well chamber environment[...
between Russia and Ukraine and the consequences of a worldwide economic slowdown. In the near term, air freight will increase at the fastest rate. However, all four categories are anticipated to show indications of recovery in 2024 before stabilizing at expansion levels, sustainable in the longer...
Beenstock recounts the mutual relationship between freight rate, global seaborne trade, and fuel cost [30]. He described a theoretical model in which freight markets and ship markets are interdependent and in which second-hand ships are treated as capital assets. The results suggest that the BDI...
We have provided an estimation of the costs for fully replacement of super-emitters using new vehicles. Assuming an average rate of 6% of super-emitters in the truck fleet (a population of ~0.6 million), the 2015 fleet average US truck price was $157,000 (ICCT, 2016), then the costs ...
where the ship price is now explained as the present value of the expected ship price in the next period, plus the operational profits in the next period, all discounted by the expected rate of return. Since this formula holds for every future period, the price at time t can be written ...
Overloaded freight cars can increase the rate of degradation of track components and lead to higher maintenance costs. For this reason, the North American railroad industry is interested in developing a wayside system for detecting overl... J Tunna,Bill Sneed - 《Railway Track & Structures》 被...
Section 2 reviews briefly the different types of seasonality and various methods used to test and detect them. Section 3 describes the tanker freight rate data, and their sources. Section 4 presents empirical results, which identify the nature of seasonality, and measures and compares seasonal ...
LNG has a different tax rate and market price, so to distinguish ships (likely) using LNG, the same approach as in IMO (2021) is used. The estimated increased fuel costs per kilometer per ship are also used as input for the Samgods model in Part Three. However, the Samgods model has...