astructure, even if then the process through which a particular sector obtains protection from 结构,即使然后一个特殊区段获得保护免受的过程[translate] aof the process through which interest groups manage to overcome the free rider problem 过程财团设法克服讨便宜者的问题[translate]...
We can take an intuitive shortcut. Consider the grand coalition (wherePx=N) and ask whether an individual country, say countryi, has an incentive to exit; if it does, we have a free-rider problem. Countryihas no incentive to exit from the grand coalition if and only ifÛx(xiBR)+...
and trust-based approaches in the distributed cloud to mitigate the free rider problem because the distributed cloud is completely decentralized, and peers need to be both trustworthy as well as reputed to be reliable and successful. When applied to P2P networks, the monetary-based approach has se...
The free rider problem is that with fewer contributors, or underestimated benefits, groups may produce less of a good than is socially optimal. The free rider problem is closely connected with the concept of public goods, has been the subject of extensive theoretical and empirical research, has ...
The interest groups' contribution decisions are plagued by a free rider problem. I derive the implications of this problem for the size and pattern of ... S Lohmann - 《Public Choice》 被引量: 239发表: 1995年 Information, access, and contributions: A signaling model of lobbying The interest...
My strategy is not to consult any intuitions about what the free-rider problem is; rather I will be looking at the problematic game-theoretic structures of various situations associated with the production of different types of collective goods, thereby showing what sorts of difficulties a ...
Using real groups in an experimental paradigm previously utilized for studies of the free rider problem, this research tests the simple economic proposition ... G Alfano,G Marwell - 《Social Psychology Quarterly》 被引量: 52发表: 1980年 Private versus public consumption within groups: testing the...
If there is collusion to increase the participation factor of the free rider, the colluding resource provider will have to provide its resources to the free rider. This is how the game proceeds. Hence there is a cost to the provider and therefore it is not in the interest of the provider...
The reduction of transaction costs would be possibly carried out, when the recommendation and reference groups will be involved in the process of internal consultations (earliest stage of problem drafting), both governmental agencies and interest organizations in order to receive a powerful backing from...
aof the process through which interest groups manage to overcome the free rider problem 过程财团设法克服讨便宜者的问题[translate] a节省能源,保护环境。为祖国建设出点力 Saves the energy, protects the environment.For construction of the fatherland strength ...