A fracture through the growth plate may not be seen on X-ray. The doctor needs to match the history and physical exam with what is seen on X-ray to make to a diagnosis. Sometimes, the child is placed in a cast for a period of time to protect the broken limb. As fractures heal, ...
The growth pattern after a comminute fracture of tibial shaft, ankle and heel in a ten-year-old girl is presented. The fracture through the distal growth plate of the tibia corresponds to Type IV according to Salter-Harris.The longitudinal growth and rotational displacement of the distal tibial...
Salter-Harris Type-IV injuries of the distal tibial epiphyseal growth plate, with emphasis on those involving the medial malleolus Salter-Harris Type-IV fractures of the epiphysis extend through the articular cartilage, epiphysis, physis, and metaphysis and have a high rate of complications secondary...
A closed fracture is when the bone breaks but there is no puncture or open wound in theskin. An open fracture is one in which the bone breaks through theskin; it may then recede back into the wound and not be visible through the skin. This is an important difference from a closed fra...
We report experimental results on the transport of proppant in a scaled planar cell. As a complement to many previous studies, we consider, apart from a proper scaling of the experimental cell and flow rate, a scaling of the perforations through which the fracturing slurry is injected. We also...
Crazing was observed in SAN layers thicker than 1.5 μm.259Themicrographof PC/SAN inFigure 5.212shows four or five crazes ahead of the crack tip.259The crazes were confined to a single SAN layer; they initiated at one of the interfaces and grew through the SAN layer to the other interface...
These exercises should start soon after injury and continue throughout the recovery phase. Displaced tibial plateau fracture A displaced fracture is one where the fractured bone fragments get displaced from their original position. In this case, surgery is usually needed to fix the fragments back in...
Lumbar vertebra L5 was axially loaded with a press head of 0.9 mm in diameter, with a 1.9-mm-thick pin through the vertebral foramen to stabilize the sample for testing. The loading speed was 0.155 mm s−1. The maximal force was recorded using Instron 3366 testing equipment (...
Unfortunately the plate from which the fitting was made had exceptionally poor through-thickness ductility, as a result of which it suffered lamellar tearing during the welding operations (see Section 8.5.5). Reinforcement of the hole was therefore inadequate, and the brace into which the fitting ...
The straight black lines through the specimen found in the central part of each image are the macro-fractures with approximate widths of 0.10 and 0.25 mm, respectively. The dark circular shapes of various sizes are pores, with approximately spherical shapes in the three-dimensional sense. Small ...