life, alongside proteins, lipids, and complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides). As they are made up of smaller monomeric units called nucleotides, the two DNA strands are called polynucleotides. Each nucleotide is made up of a sugar called deoxyribose, a phosphate group, and one of four nitrogen-...
Which bases are found in a strand of DNA? Name the four RNA bases. Name the three DNA Sequence Databases and where they are located. List all of the bases of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that are purines. List the nitrogen bases found in DNA. What are the four bases of RNA? Which ba...
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Genome-enabled biotechnologies have the potential to accelerate breeding efforts in long-lived perennial crop species. Despite the transformative potential of molecular tools in pecan and other outcrossing tree species, highly heterozygous genomes, signi
messenger RNAnucleic acidsribosome initiationExpression of mRNA is often regulated by the binding of a small RNA (miRNA, snoRNA, siRNA). While the pairing contribution to the net free energy is well parameterized and can be computed in O(N) time, the cost of removing pre-existing mRNA ...
Following this ‘masking step’, a ‘cleaning step’ removed all positions (i.e. corresponding to one base) of the assembled contigs that contained only indels and masked bases. This last step is particularly relevant for 454 data where false insertions due to homopolymers were very common and...
There has been considerable interest towards an improved understanding of the cleavage mechanisms that underlie RNA catalysis by small self-cleaving ribozymes involved in self-scission during rolling circle replication of viral genomes1,2. Such challenges are highlighted by the recent identification of a...
Nitrogenous bases are cyclic molecules that contain a nitrogen atom and have the properties of a base. Nitrogenous bases are bound to a sugar-phosphate backbone. The sugar may either be ribose or deoxyribose, depending on the type of nucleic acid molecule....
A, C, G and T (and U) arenitrogenousbecause of the large amount of the element nitrogen they contain relative to their overall mass, and they arebasesbecause they are proton (hydrogen atom) acceptors and tend to carry a net positive electrical charge. These compounds do not need to be c...
The 4-thiouracil (s 4 U) is a sulphur-containing analog of uracil, a natural component of RNA. In this work, we present the interaction energies of complexes formation involving s 4 U bound to the four bases in RNA: adenine (A), uracil (U), guanine (G), and cytosine (C). Full...