The first is gravity which is related to mass. The second is the Compton scattering which is related to the energy transformation of photon. The third is the Doppler's effect which is related to velocity. The basic formula used to calculate the relation of red shift and distance of Ia ...
Due to mass–energy equivalence, the Planck constant also relates mass to frequency.= 6.62607015×10−34J⋅Hz−1. that was proportional to the frequency of its associated electromagnetic wave. He was able to calculate the proportionality constant from the experimental measurements, and that cons...
How to Calculate an Effective Nuclear Charge Effective Nuclear Charge Chart Lesson Summary Frequently Asked Questions What is the trend of effective nuclear charge? The effective nuclear charge of an atom increases with increasing atom number and with decreasing atomic radius as you go across a peri...
How to calculate the energy of a photon with frequency What is the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation? What is the basic difference between a cyclotron and a betatron? What is the frequency of light in which each quantum pack has 8 x 10^-19 power joule of energy?
2. Effective value of sinusoidal communication: E =, U =, I = (the effective value is used to calculate the current work, the heat produced by the conductor, etc., and calculate the amount of charge passed through the conductor with the average value of the AC) 3, inductance and ...
A many-beam dynamical theory, which apporoximately takes into account multiple inelastic scvattering, has been formulated and used to calculate the intensity of electrons backscattered from perfect and imperfect crystals. The contrast of... JP Spencer,CJ Humphreys,PB Hirsch - 《Philosophical Magazine...
In this study, starting from the nuclear binding energy, we studied the empirical formula of the Coulomb energy systematically. Beginning with the simplest empirical formula, we added the Coulomb exchange term, pairing correlation, and shell correction, to calculate the Coulomb energy more precisely....
m is the mass of the particle E is the kinetic energy of the particle Applications of Wavenumber A wavenumber is used to calculate the spatial frequency. Other than spatial frequency, wavenumber can be used to define other quantities such as optics and wave scatterings in physics. ...
The cutoff frequency of an electromagnetic waveguide is the lowest frequency for which a mode will propagate in it. ... For a single-mode optical fiber, the cutoff wavelength is thewavelength at which the normalized frequency is approximately equal to 2.405. ...
Theoretical calculations have been also performed to calculate the spin-vibronic energy levels using a diabatic model and ab initio adiabatic potential energy surfaces (PESs). In the theoretical calculations the diabatic potential energy surfaces are expanded by the Taylor expansions up to the fourth-...