Modern education was introduced into theMiddle Eastin the early 19th century through several channels. Rulers in both Egypt and theOttoman Empire(1300–1922) established newmilitaryand civilian schools to teach people the skills required to build modern states. In Iran, too, rulers opened new school...
The unprecedented show of public outrage has left scores of people injured and led to the de-facto resignation of one of the longest serving rulers of a former Soviet Republic.