Results: The four model substances all have proton affinities between those of H2 O and (H2 O)2 but exhibit different ionization energies, dipole moments and polarizabilities. As expected, the results show that the ionization yield for these substances differs considerably at low reduced electric ...
International Journal of Mass Spectrometry & Ion PhysicsSzulejko JE, Bowie JH, Howe I, Beynon JH. The energetics of the formation of positive ions produced by charge-striping from negative ions. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys. 1980; 34: 99....
An attempt has been made to predict the nature of positive and negative ions up to a level of 50 km. Considerable progress has been made in recent years in the understanding of the mechanism of formation of small ions at ground levels and the altitude profile of ions presented here for the...
Simultaneous ion-pair photodissociation and dissociative ionization of an ionic liquid: velocity map imaging of vacuum-ultraviolet-excited 1-ethyl-3-methyl... The kinetic energy distribution of the intact cation has both slow ions arising from previously reported dissociative ionization and fast ions fro...
Chemical bonds can form by the attraction between the positive nucleus of one atom and the negative electrons of another atom, or by the attraction between positive ions and negative ions. This chapter discusses chemical bonds formed by ions, atoms that have acquired a positive or negative charge...
Ionization potentials, appearance potentials, and heats of formation of gaseous positive ions : by J. L. Franklin, J. G. Dillard, H. M. Rosenstock, J. T. Herron, K. Draxl and F. H. Field, Natl. Stand. Ref. Ser., Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.), Document No. 26, U.S. ...
In addition to Ln(TMGA), tripositive ions such as Ln(TMGA)and Ln(TMGA)were experimentally identified as well. While the former was observed along with Ln(TMGA)during ESI, the latter was observed upon CID of Ln(TMGA), suggesting two TMGA molecules can stabilize Lnin the gas phase. 展开 ...
A metal wire (34) allows the charges of positive ions formed to be absorbed, while the negative ions are removed by inwards-curved tubing (18, 20). This device, which is particularly simple and devoid of any risk of explosion or fire, may be used especially for producing negative ions,...
These residual charged particles, especially the positive ions, do not stay still, but drift along with the gas flow, leading to the destroy of memory effect38. This is the main reason for the formation of irregular filaments at 0.5 and 1.1 l min−1. The happening of filamentary ...
32 kcal mol-1, and so the ionization energy of a CN-substituted molecule is larger than for its unsubstituted analogue by approximately 10-12 kcal mol-1. This is supported by calculations which show that the CN group does not conjugate significantly with the positive charge center, i.e. ...