Since the seasonal and spatial distribution of ozone on Mars was detected(1) by the ultraviolet spectrometer onboard the spacecraft Mariner 7, our understanding has evolved considerably thanks to parallel efforts in observations and modelling(2-7). At low-to-mid latitudes, martian ozone is distrib...
Since the seasonal and spatial distribution of ozone on Mars was detected(1) by the ultraviolet spectrometer onboard the spacecraft Mariner 7, our understanding has evolved considerably thanks to parallel efforts in observations and modelling(2-7). At low-to-mid latitudes, martian ozone is ...
The appearance of new particles in the Amazonian boundary layer has been attributed to downdraft events that bring down particles from the upper troposphere, which is rich in freshly nucleated particles23,25,26,27. However, downdrafts occur mainly in the low to middle troposphere19, and NPF in...
4.6 ppbv and 82 pptv, respectively. A vital feature of these experiments is the precise control and monitoring of NO and monoterpenes at low concentrations, which to the best of our knowledge, has never been achieved in previous studies. This allows us to successfully reproduce the chemical...
9,10). Isoprene is primarily emitted into the atmosphere during daylight hours and is typically converted within 1–2 h into oxygenated VOCs, mostly through reaction with hydroxyl radicals (OH)11,12. Isoprene mixing ratios in the continental boundary layer of the Amazon basin range between...
model CAMx Houston Surface model abstract The photolysis of nitrous acid (HONO) is a potentially significant daytime source of the hydroxyl radical, OH, one of the main chemical species that controls the oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere and plays an important role in ozone and PM2.5 formation...
The formation mechanism of aerosol sulfate during wintertime haze events in China is still largely unknown. As companions, SO2 and transition metals are mainly emitted from coal combustion. Here, we argue that the transition metal-catalyzed oxidation of
and apoptosis1. It was found that abnormalities in ether lipid metabolism may be closely related to tumor evolution and metastasis2. However, there is still a considerable gap in our understanding of the molecular pathways involved in ether lipid metabolism related gene expression and action in CRC...
As one of methods for attempting low cost manufacture, a method has been known, by which each unit operation such as film formation, printing, or laser processing is continuously processed in a process where a rolled flexible substrate is rewound to another roll. This method is referred to as...
A method of treating a metal alkoxide solution to form metal oxide prepolymer molecules therein is characterized by irradiating the solution with light energy having a wavelength selected to break the metal-alkoxy group bond in said metal alkoxide, thereby to form the metal oxide prepolymer molecules...