For ‘short’ times, water is only absorbed by molecules in the particle surface layer (Fig. 7.5). Local instantaneous plasticization of the molecules greatly changes the rheological behavior of the surface layer, by locally decreasing the viscosity of the solid. The thickness and water content ...
From studies published decades ago, the toxicity and the potential hazard activity of COPs have been demonstrated; however, being an “ensemble” of molecules rather than a single compound, performing an assessment of COPs exposure is challenging. Ideally, occurrence data with concentrations and freque...
Metal–organic frameworks can also serve as host molecules for controlled release of active organic molecules such as 1-Methyl Cyclopropene (1-MCP), hexanal, ethanol among others. Such host–guest systems can be deployed for active packaging applications. Metal–organic frameworks as oxygen scavenger...
The undigested foodpasses tothe large intestine,Waterand salts from the undigested food are absorbed through the lining ofthe epithelial wallofthe large intestine, as it has many convolutions to help in the absorption,Wastesbecome semi-solid faeces and have a bad odour, due to the prese...
Essential oils possess antimicrobial properties that allow them to act as food preservatives because their molecules contain a variety of active natural chemical compounds like terpenes, carotenoids, curcumins, and coumarins just to name a few.
these nanoparticles travel across the mucus layer and are then absorbed by active or passive transport mechanisms. After they have been absorbed into the cells, the nanoparticles may be metabolized, transferred out of the cells, or accumulate within the cells. These processes depend on nanoparticle ...
Once in the gut, the main factors that regulate the establishment and permanent existence of bacteria include the disruptive activity of digestive enzymes, sudden pH changes, detergent properties of bile acids (BAs), and molecules produced by the host’s immune system [94,95]. Indeed, when pass...
In the case of oral tolerance induced in the small intestine, cooperative production of RA by antigen-loaded, gut-derived CD103+ DCs and mLN stromal cells leads to the imprinting of gut-homing molecules on specific T cells. Some of these also begin to differentiate into Foxp3+ iTregs. ...
Ultrasound energy can be absorbed by frozen products to accelerate the process of thawing and enhance product quality. If ultrasound is applied efficiently, it can improve the rate of thawing, avoiding heating of the surface and extreme product dehydration, as well as retain color and inhibit lipid...
This work demonstrates the potential applicability of the proposed level of theory for larger molecules, including β-carotenoids, present in numerous natural food sources. The proposed scheme of molecular modeling, applied to biologically active compounds in food, could provide a deeper insight into ...