A number of decisions were taken for manuscript coding: (1) We restricted the study goal categories to “facial paralysis/weakness treatment”, “cosmetic”, “pain relief/induction”, “emotion/mood modulation”, “bruxism relief”, “blink reflex”, and “other”. (2) If several electrode ...
We found that most studies (33 out of 136, i.e., 24.26%) had used fNMES for pain relief; 22 studies (16.17%) used it to recover muscular function after facial paralysis; 18 studies used it to invoke a blink reflex (13.24%), five studies (3.67%) used it for bruxism recovery, ...