(nanoSIMS) is a promising technique for analyzing metabolic activity at the single-cell level. NanoSIMS is an ionmicroprobetechnique that scans a cell surface with a primaryion beam, resulting insecondary electronand secondary ion images of different elemental and isotopic compositions. Its spatial ...
and ΔT is the temperature difference across thickness d in ° C. Therefore, an increase in surface area A, a decrease in thickness d and an increase in ΔT all lead to a proportional increase in heat transfer. Other target configurations that may be used in embodiments of the invention...
Imagine walking across the earth's surface with a compass in your hand, dragging a big piece of chalk to mark your path. Each step forward must be towards the north pole; follow the compass needle. You can imagine the paths we'd draw on the earth's surface. We would all start from ...
After data pre-processing, two main steps were conducted to produce the global gridded AHF data. First, based on the Eq.3, Micro Excel 2010 software was used to calculate the parameterMi,jfor each country or region. Second, the Raster Calculator in ArcGIS 10.2 software was used on the gr...
In addition, it may be easier to average the vertical CPL across the plume and multiply by the cross-plume length L to produce the same result as a direct integration or a summation across the plume. Therefore, the emission rate across the measured area may be calculated by calculator312usin...
During each chamber measurement, soil temperature was measured with a digital thermometer inserted 10 cm below the soil surface adjacent to the chamber. Integrated soil moisture was measured with a time domain reflectometer. We used a Decagon G3 Soil Moisture and Conductivity Sensor (Decagon Devices...
Magnetic wedge 631 in coil slot 561 extends part way across coil slot 561 between radially inward surface 411 and radially outward surface 412 of annular core 41. Magnetic wedge 632 located in coil slot 562 extends beyond surfaces 411, 412. The arrangement of magnetic wedge 632 is preferred,...