主要翻译 英语中文 fluoriden(fluorine substance)SCSimplified Chinese氟化物fú huà wù Many cities in the United States add fluoride to the city water supply. Collins Chinese Dictionary Plus (3rd edition), 2011: fluoride[ˈfluəraɪd]n[u]氟化物fúhuàwù ...
This chapter tackles fluoride, which is an important topic for the oral health educator (OHE) and other health professionals, who should be familiar with its availability, use, benefits and pitfalls when applied systemically (e.g. in the water supply) and topically (such as toothpaste, varnish...
Additionally, there is a misconception that Europe does not fluoridate its water. While some parts of Europe and the United Kingdom (UK) add fluoride to the water supply, just like in the United States, other parts of Europe and elsewhere add it to the salt supply. There are even fluorida...
The West Midlands was the last significant scheme adopted, and today Severn Trent and South Staffs are among the very few UK water companies adding fluoride to their water. The 3.7 million West Midlanders using fluoridated water - those of us living in 24 of the region's 30 Primary Care ...
Fluoride at low concentration is an essential element for dental health. However groundwater in many countries has exceeding concentrations of fluoride, which poses a health threat to millions of people around the world. It has been estimated that more t
Groundwater pollution of arsenic and fluoride is a serious issue; it has gained a serious amount of consideration in the previous few years and the researchers are working towards various ways to control the pollution. They have got such great attention because of their ability, aggregation in th...
in the condition, McKay found evidence that people with mottled brown teeth had fewer cavities. In the 1920s, McKay and collaborators found a correlation between the brown stains and fluorides in the water supply. Further studies of the relationship between fluoride concentration and...
Vast majority of dental fluorosis cases, in areas with optimal fluoride (0.7–1.0 mg/L) in drinking water, are very mild or mild types, which are not easily noticeable to the affected individuals but requiring a trained specialist to detect [2, 3]. Diet, including water, and unintentional ...
Fluoride contamination in water is a major problem across the globe, with health hazards such as dental and skeletal fluorosis. Most earlier studies are confined to local or regional scales. As the problem has serious socioeconomic implications, there is a need for a global perspective. Thus, he...
In arid and semiarid regions, groundwater is required for the drinking, agriculture, and industrial activities due to scarcity of surface water. Groundwater contaminated with high concentrations of fluoride and nitrate can severely affect human health in these regions. Twenty-eight groundwater samples...