Wearing compression stockings during the day reduces fluid shift from the legs to the neck overnight. However, the potential effect of wearing compression stockings to reduce fluid accumulation in the leg and to
On each morning, surface electrodes were placed on the legs to collect bioelectrical impedance data, as illustrated in Fig. 6. Participants initially lay supine for 30 minutes to ensure all participants began sitting with a similar level of leg fluid. Next, participants sat for a two-and-a...
Fluid responsiveness also can be assessed by an “internal” or “endogenous” fluid challenge using a passive leg raising test, which results in transfer of blood from the legs to the intrathoracic compartment. This technique is more complex than simply “raising the legs.”25 Importantly, one ...
The accuracy of a U-tube manometer may be increased by sloping one of the legs to increase the movement of the fluid interface along the leg for a given difference in vertical height. This may be further enhanced by replacing the vertical leg by a reservoir and the inclined leg by a smal...
hypertension, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, estrogen therapies, and some diabetes medications. Underlying medical conditions that can contribute to edema include congestive heart failure, kidney damage and kidney disease, disorders that affect the veins of the legs, and cirrhosis and other liver...
There are many other theoretical works on fluid drops in the Hele-Shaw cell geometry, notably in the context of the topological transition associated with droplet breakup25–28. As for experimental studies, a number of researchers have investigated the rising motion of a bub- ble in a Hele-...
A PLR test can be used in patients with spontaneous or assisted breathing and irregular cardiac rhythm; therefore it can be a more useful test of fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients.87PLR is a simple test in which the legs are elevated by 45 degrees above the bed, but to be ...
The amount of fluid that shifts from the legs to the upper part of the body at night is correlated with the severity of sleep apnea. As a result of this observation, it has been suggested that the prevention of overnight fluid shift may reduce sleep apnea severity. It has recently been ...
In addition, the leg pads 20 and 22 may be locked into position by a pin (not shown) for performing isometric exercises on the legs. It should be readily apparent that the device stresses the muscles of the legs throughout movement in a lateral direction from the median axis of the body...
Also, as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 5, a plurality of anchoring elements 56 are disposed at longitudinally spaced positions about the periphery of the reservoir. The elements 56 may be U-shaped, as illustrated in FIG. 6, with the legs thereof embedded into the concrete. Anchors 56 anchor ...