The upward forceFV1FV1is the total force exerted by the fluid on the under surface of the body; the downward forceFV2FV2is the total force exerted by the fluid on the upper surface of the body. Since liquid pre
Discharge (also called flow rate) The amount of fluid passing a section of a stream in unit time is called the discharge. If v is the mean velocity and A is the cross sectional area, the discharge Q is defined by Q = Av which is known as volume flow rate
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a tool for modelling and simulating processes commonly used in industry. CFD integrates the disciplines of fluid mechanics, mathematics and computer science. CFD is dedicated to the fluids in motion, which physical characteristics can be described through mathematica...
1985). This issue is defined as lost circulation/fluid loss/lost returns and considered as one of the frequently occurring drilling problems triggered by natural constraints and
In fluid mechanics, modal decomposition, deeply intertwined with the concept of symmetry, is an essential data analysis method. It facilitates the segmentation of parameters such as flow, velocity, and pressure fields into distinct modes, each exhibiting symmetrical or asymmetrical characteristics in term...
A decision tree begins with a root node where the samples are classified into two branches such that if the answer to the question is “Yes”, the sample goes under the “Yes” branch, while if the answer is “NO”, the sample goes under the “No” branch. A distinct series of quest...