It is worth mentioning new initiatives in their early stages such us TROPOLITE, aiming to achieve a lighter version of TROPOMI [176] with enhanced spatial resolution (1 × 1 km2), the Russian Ozonometer [66], [67], the PanFTS instrument using Fourier Transform interferometry [225], [...
M. NaghaviA. A. SayyariElsevier BVAnnals of EpidemiologyAsadi-Lari M, Naghavi M, Sayyari AA. Epidemiological transition in the Iranian population during recent forty years; comparing various demographic indices in five provinces. Ann Epidemiol 2003;13:577....
The key outputs of the dynamic and diagnostic models include mortality in undetected cases, detected cases in stages 1 and 2, and DALYs before and after presenting to care for all interventions. Further details on the development of the model are found in Supplementary Methods, section A.2.1. ...
in the initial stages of dopamine synthesis, the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase requires B6 as a cofactor [98] and downstream to this, L-Dopa is the only catecholamine precursor to enter the central nervous system being converted into dopamine by the enzyme DOPA decarboxylase, with vitamin B6as a ...
We draw five policy lessons from the early stages of the pandemic. First, delay is costly, but early and determined action is politically difficult. Second, broad public support is critical for early action and underestimating damages impacts support. Third, inequality can be exacerbated both by ...
Different socio-cultural circumstances in the developing countries undergoing nutrition transition explain the contradiction. Association between socioeconomic factors and over-nutrition vary in societies at different stages of nutrition transition. Obesity is positively associated with socioeconomic factors in ...
Originally developed to describe and predict global trends, the linear patterns and stages of these transitions (i.e., epidemiological, demographic and nutritional) have since been revisited in light of certain countries that do not perfectly fit into these models due to several factors—social, pol...
In order to enter the host cell, the viral input proteins must fold into a stable energetic state, and then undergo a conformational transition to have enough energy to overcome the natural repulsion of the front cell membrane of the virus. Therefore, the S protein transitions from its stable...
For the analysis of this study, we used a life-cycle assessment (LCA) approach. In order to deliver food to consumers, food systems go through specific cycles/stages which include the resources necessary to produce crops, feeding them to animals, processing foods, transporting them, and so for...
Adolescence represents a pivotal developmental period which is challenging, due to various changes imposed on the transition context of this age. The well-being of adolescents has been investigated under various methodological approaches; some common indicators correlating with well-being are socio-economic...