Conclusions Together, we suggest that the fitness trade-off is an evolutionary trait that determines individual growth phenotype within a species. By using this trait, we can possibly overcome anticancer drug resistance in cancer cells.Background One of the unsolved central questions in biology is id...
Genotype-specific interactions and the trade-off between host and parasite fitness. BMC Evolutionary Biology 7:189.Salvaudon L, Heraudet V, Shykoff JA. Genotype-specific interactions and the trade-off between host and parasite fitness. BMC Evol Biol. 2007;7:189....
Evaluation (step 2d) is done on the multiobjective performance of the offspring from the most recent genetic cycle to determine whether to continue the genetic process (step 2e). Evaluation is probably the most important piece of the GA aside from the initial chromosome definition. Choice of the...
Utilising this model, it was then proposed that a trade-off of popularity and similarity was an alternative explanation of network evolution20. Although this combination of ‘popularity’ and ‘similarity’ is an attractive proposition, and one that will be echoed in the theory of this paper, ...
Consistent with the definition of priming74 and with the previous hypothesis that priming acts independently from cold acclimation and is of importance in nature in spring10, the cold pretreatment resulted in higher ΦPS-II in the intermediate cold-adapted accessions WS, Col-0 and Van-0 than in...
According to the time-limitation hypothesis, selfing in annuals has evolved as a consequence of strong r-selection in ephemeral habitats, resulting either as an indirect consequence (trade-off) of selection for shorter time to reproductive maturity (Figure 1a), or as a direct consequence of ...
The original question implies nature is something static, that should be left alone, as we’re changing it. But by definitionour impact IS nature, we are part of that nature and nature has never been static. It’s just a matter of timescales; we’re doing things faster than ever, becaus...
This writing process, from the body to text, from the concrete to the abstract, from memory extension to reflective extraction, gradually expands the fitness practice beyond the narrow definition of “several sets of practical movements,” extends it towards the cultivation of overall living habits,...
Thus, there is presumably a trade-off in temperature for adjusting individual body size and population size to achieve maximum fitness. We hypothesized that this temperature could be reflected by the intrinsic optimum temperature for developmental rate in the Sharpe-Schoolfield-lkemoto model, and it...
This writing process, from the body to text, from the concrete to the abstract, from memory extension to reflective extraction, gradually expands the fitness practice beyond the nar- row definition of "several sets of practical movements," extends it towards the cultiva- tion of overall living ...