A(ν)A(ν) is a linear operator from R3R3 onto TνMTνM, which is the tangent space to MM at ν∈Mν∈M (see [16] for details and generalizations). We take the map ν⟼A(ν)ν⟼A(ν) to be smooth and bounded. For example, when ν is a vector in (say) R3R3 or in...