to pay a fine. The court may do so after finding that the defendant was somehow responsible for the failure to pay and that alternative forms of punishment would be inadequate to meet the state's interest in punishment and deterrence (Beardenv. Georgia, 461 U.S. 660, 103 S. Ct. 2064,...
said that in response to prominent issues such as using fines to increase revenue, substituting fines for management, and pursuing profit through fines, the document focuses on solving the problems strongly reflected by enterprises and the ...
Rising crime rates within traditional sanctioning patterns have resulted in a search for alternatives to incarceration in order to control both the economic and the social (humanitarian) costs of punishment. The paper explores this response in four countries: England, Germany, Sweden, and the United...
Unlike in other penal policy domains, legal fines and fees represent an ambiguously defined form of punishment that has received bipartisan support. Understudied is how legal fines and fees have become an increasingly preferred policy choice among state-level political actors. In this study, I use ...
A long theoretical literature in economics addresses the heavy reliance of the U.S. criminal justice system on very expensive forms of punishment - prison - when cheaper alternatives - such as fines and other sanctions - are available. This paper analyzes the role of fines as a criminal ...
Even if it were universally accepted, the idea that offenders should pay for their adjudication, punishment and rehabilitation must be balanced against policy and practical considerations, as well as against ethical issues concerning justice and fairness. Our analysis pertains only to the imposition of...
be wasted in discussing the issue of fines and punishment. legco.gov.hk 在兩星期前就吳亮星議員所動議的議案而進行 的辯論中,我曾說過專業人士其實是負有很重大的法律責任的,所以我們無 須擔心他們會胡亂行事,亦無須多談 懲罰或處罰這方 面。 legco.gov.hk For cases proven, SMC may issue letter of...
Crime, punishment, and prejudice We examine the link between the penalties used to punish convicted criminals and judicial prejudice against defendants. In our model, agents choose to comm... Philip A. Curry a,Tilman Klumpp b - 《Journal of Public Economics》 被引量: 36发表: 2009年 Australian...
When the Amsterdam lawyer Henricus Calkoen wrote his treatise 'On the Prevention and Punishment of Crime' in 1780, he hardly mentioned imprisonment as a fo... FRANKE HERMAN - 《British Journal of Criminology》 被引量: 18发表: 1992年 Liability for chronic working time violations in medicine: ...
But the judge vacated his own prior directive to cancel the defendants' business certificates, meaning he is no longer pursuing what some legal experts described as a "corporate death penalty" for the Trump Organization. The decision is only the latest court-ordered punishment imposed on Trump, ...