As food intake and feeding behavior, along with energy expenditure, are major determinants in the development of such features, it is expected that these individuals will show altered feeding patterns over the life course. However, aside from increased appetite, only recently research has been ...
Causes have been related to intrinsic ethnic features with development of athrifty genotypefor adapting to food scarcity, prenatal programming by undernutrition, and postnatal exposure to obesogenic lifestyle. Observational studies in humans and experimental studies in animal models evidence that the ...
and brain; and deposition of glycogen in the fetal liver. In sheep, fetal organ maturation is induced by a prepartum surge in cortisol secretion by the fetal adrenals.261The cortisol surge also triggers the onset of labor (discussed later in the chapter). Thus, in sheep, the fetal HPA ...
This chapter gives first an overview of the MR sequences performed to evaluate the fetal brain in utero. These sequences include T2 WI, T1WI, DWI, T2*WI or SWI as a standard protocol. DTI and MRS can also be performed. DTI provides thin sections of 2mm that help tissue characterization ...
Placental protection of the fetal brain during short-term food deprivation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America... KD Broad,EB Keverne - 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》 被引量: 107发表: 2011年 Plac...
The mechanisms by which maternal obesity or theingestionof high-calorie processed food during the perinatal stages can lead toNAFLD developmentin the fetus and later offspring are not completely known. It may be driven in part by an increased delivery of maternal nutrients to the fetus, especially...
The brain accumulates new cells throughout pregnancy and the first year of life after birth. The lungs continue to mature until near the time of delivery. Table Pregnancy: Week by Week The phases of pregnancy are described as trimesters: First trimester: Week 0 (first day of last...
Although both viral/bacterial and allergen-induced stimuli result in activation of the maternal immune system, different cytokine profiles and/or signaling cascades may contribute to unique consequences on fetal brain development. To date, little is known about the developmental consequences of maternal ...
Fetal medicine has incorporated new therapies in previously untreatable fetuses and continues to develop alternatives. This creates decision dilemmas for pregnant women and for their doctors that are the subject of thorough discussion in many centers around the world. A responsible interpretation of the ...
Indeed, such learning may be a fundamental feature of all mammalian species because it is important (from a survival standpoint) for the pre-weanling animal to accept and be attracted to the food sources consumed by the mother [6]. In humans there is evidence from infant testing that the ...