So many women presume that testosterone is something that only men have. And it’s something that, if a women were to have high levels of, she’d look like a man too. But this is a big misconception and one that can cause health problems in women like obesity, fatigue and mood ...
Furthermore, we experimentally treated females held in captivity with exogenous testosterone in order to reveal the steroid hormone sensitivity of the solo song. Steroid hormones are known to have permanent effects on the sexual differentiation of brain and behaviour during ontogeny and they can be ...
Moreover, heightened testosterone responses towards infant crying compared to control sounds in fathers (Fleming et al., 2002) points at an action preparatory response to the crying infant. In mothers, cortisol elevations and changes in heartbeat in response to crying have been reported (Furedy et...
the proclivity for salt likely relates to the physiological need to retain sodium, and the fluid which follows sodium, which is sufficient to sustain another life in pregnancy. There also is some evidence that the male hormone testosterone suppresses ...
Studies in animals have shown that fetal testes secrete testosterone independently of gonadotrophins and the male brain is exposed to high levels of these hormones (1,2). Aromatase, the enzyme converting tes- tosterone to estradiol, plays a crucial role in sexually dimor- phic prenatal brain ...
Although speculative, it is possible that male infants may have been more likely to interact had the human initiated the interaction with a communicative gesture or, at the least, if the human had appeared more responsive to the infant’s interaction attempts. One interpretation of our results ...
Women have more complex hormonal fluctuations than men and commonly take drugs such as hormonal contraceptives that are shown to affect biomarkers used in these doping tests. In this study, we followed six women's urinary steroid profile during one menstrual cycle, including both glucuronides and ...
Likewise, male mice lacking testosterone showed a switch to the pain pathway normally noted in females. Conversely, females lacking Tlymphocytes or those that are pregnant showed a switch to the pain pathway normally observed in males. This sexual dimorphism may be influenced by sex hormones. Some...
Various hypotheses have been proposed to explain the increased diversity in both gender identity and sexual orientation among autistic females. These include a prominent neurobiological perspective, which suggests that an overexposure to foetal testosterone may lead to an increased development of male-based...
Specifically, in postmenopausal women, elevated testosterone has been linked with increased risk for atherosclerosis and incident CVD.6,7 Furthermore, in premenopausal women living with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), characterized by hyperandrogenism, higher levels of testosterone have been associated...