federalismbudgetconstraintsoft联邦fiscal forthcoming,AmericanEconomicReview FederalismandtheSoftBudgetConstraint ByYingyiQianandGérardRoland Thegovernment'sincentivestobailoutinefficientprojectsaredeterminedbythetradeoff betweenpoliticalbenefitsandeconomiccosts,thelatterdependingonthe decentralizationofgovernment.Twoeffectsoffede...
The government's incentives to bail out inefficient projects are determined by the trade-off between political benefits and economic costs, the latter depending on the decentralization of government. Two effects of federalism are derived: first, fiscal competition among local governments under factor ...
forthcoming, American Economic Review Federalism and the Soft Budget Constraint The government's incentives to bail out inefficient projects are determined by the tradeoff between political benefits and economic costs, the latter depending on the decentralization of government. Two effects of federalism ...
Levaggi, R. & Menoncin, F. Fiscal federalism, Patient Mobility and Soft Budget Constraints in Italy.Politica Economica, Volume 3, (2008).Levaggi, R and F Menoncin (2008) Fiscal federalism, patients' mobility and the soft budget constraint: a theoretical approach, Politica Economica, 26(3)...
To harden budget constraints, political institutions need to be reconfigured to allow the central government to more effectively holds local authorities accountable for resources deployed in achieving their job performance targets. 展开 关键词: fiscal federalism soft budget constraint market-preserving ...
Most contentious is the issue of federalism.最具争议的问题是联邦制问题。 we are necessarily bound for federalism in Europe.我们很可能走欧洲的联邦政治的道路。 权威例句 Federalism and the Soft Budget ConstraintAn Essay on Fiscal FederalismFederalism as a Commitment to Preserving Market IncentivesFederalis...
Most contentious is the issue of federalism. 最具争议的问题是联邦制问题。 we are necessarily bound for federalism in Europe. 我们很可能走欧洲的联邦政治的道路。 权威例句 Federalism and the Soft Budget Constraint An Essay on Fiscal Federalism ...
Federalism and the Soft Budget Constraint The government's incentives to bail out inefficient projects are determined by the trade-off between political benefits and economic costs, the latter depe... Y Qian,G Roland - 《American Economic Review》 被引量: 2895发表: 1998年 Regional decentralization...
Wit h severe budget problems and a population clamoring for solutions, now, the immediate need for revenue produces powerful pressure for a partial or wholesale rever- sal of the reforms. Thi s type of discretion typically kills the prospects of any reform program. 1 Because economic agents ...
s policy elites or scholars can quite stop debating the territorial organization of their government, public administration, and health services.They also decentralized more, starting in the 1970s in most cases. Its causes are much discussed, with diversity, democracy, and nationalism all playing ...