Using 3-D tracking of individual animals, we were able to quantify the speed at which males and females swim, their average swimming depth, and the tortuosity (or the linearity) of their swimming paths, i.e., we were able to map the individual behavior in different social contexts. ...
Transmission of fear and attenuation of fear within groups of farm animals remain relatively unexplored, despite the importance for human and animal safety. This paper reports the results of two separate experiments, aiming to explore social transmission of habituation in horses at group level. In ...
摘要: When subjected to non-social fear-eliciting situations, rams were seen to be less fearful than ewes. This conclusion could serve as an impetus for more general behavioural studies of factors influencing fearfulness and thus adaptability of farm animals to intensive housing conditions.关键词:...
Details of target and stimulation parameters may be found in Table 1. Basolateral Amygdala Investigators examining BLA DBS have mainly stimulated rats prior to defensive burying. This is an innate rodent behavior in which animals tend to bury objects considered to be dangerous, threatening, or ...
of Vienna. “In constant light conditions, this change in the size of the pupils is an important signal for the activation of the noradrenergic system in the brain, which is responsible for stress reactions. Accordingly, even the youngest babies seem to be stressed by these groups of animals....
Social relationships can have important consequences for fitness in animals. Whilst numerous studies have shown that individuals often join larger groups in response to perceived predation risk (i.e. fear of predation), the importance of predation risk in driving the formation and stability of social...
California, USA, to observe avoidance reactions by several groups of pelagic animals to the presence of their predators. As expected, vertical migration was ubiquitous, but we also observed behaviors at shorter and longer timescales that were best explained by fear of predation. The presence of ...
Noun1.arachnophobia- a morbid fear of spiders zoophobia- a morbid fear of animals Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc. Translations Spanish / Español Select a language: aracnofobia ...
A temporal pattern was also observed during a retention test 24 h later for both respiration and freezing measures, suggesting that the animals had stored the interval duration in long-term memory. We then investigated the role of intra-amygdalar dopaminergic transmission in interval timing. For ...
the adaptive capacity of humans and other animals to learn which cues predict the occurrence of aversive and potentially dangerous events (that is, the fear conditioning procedure provides an important insight into the process of fear learning; for a further clarification regarding the difference ...