生物化学教学课件：lecture7 Fatty acid catabolism(脂肪酸代谢)
Fatty acids are broken down during FAO to generate acetyl-CoA, which enters the TCA cycle and reacts with oxaloacetate (OAA) to form citrate. Citrate can exit the TCA cycle and, upon ATP citrate lyase (ACLY)-mediated processing, it functions as an acetyl-CoA donor for protein acetylation ...
Oxidative metabolism: Fatty acids are broken down through diverse pathways in at least three different organelle compartments. Beta-oxidation in mitochondria is the main fate of straight-chain fatty acids with 18 or fewer carbons. Peroxisomes take care of the more unusual fatty acids, such...
fatty acids, in the form of Acyl-CoA molecules, are broken down in mitochondria and/or in peroxisomes to generate Acetyl-CoA, the entry molecule for the Citric Acid cycle. It occurs in many tissues including liver kidney and heart. Fatty acids oxidation doesn't occur in the brain, as ...
Omega-3 fatty acids are triglycerides that get broken down into smaller fatty acid units. They act to reduce plasma triglyceride levels however increase the cholesterol levels and are thought to possess potent antiarrythmic effects. Polyunsaturated fatty acids including eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic...
Transport and deposition in muscle Despite numerous studies, the mechanism by which free fatty acids enter cells remains poorly understood =-=[30]-=-. We do know that through the action of LPLs in the tissue capillary walls the VLDLs are broken down into low density lipoproteins (LDLs) [...
The first stage of fatty acid degradation is called lipolysis. The fatty acids are stored in cells called adipocytes and are first broken down into free fatty acids so they can enter the blood system. Lipolysis is induced by a number of hormones including norepinephrine and testosterone. Apart ...
When fats are broken down into simpler compounds like monoglycerides and fatty acids, it binds to the bile salts in duodenum to form micelles. These compounds are now soluble in the intestinal chyme. Once among the microvilli of the intestinal lining, the monoglycerides and fatty acids diffuse ou...
Another name for fatty acid oxidation is beta-oxidation of fatty acids. Fatty acids are a result of the breakdown of fats. Fats are stores of excess energy, meaning that fat storage happens when the excess energy is obtained by breaking down dietary sources. Fatty acids are simpler molecules ...
Generally, fatty acids are ingested into the cytoplasm through CD36, fatty acid transport protein, and fatty acid-binding protein. They are then transported into the mitochondrion by carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1b prior to β-oxidation [21]. CPT-1 catalyzes the transfer of long-chain fatty ...