In practice, semi-dried sludge cake is pelletized for easy operation and efficient energy recovery [12]. Although wastewater sludge is a good energy source, it should be autothermic and innoxious in applications [13]. Noxious by-products (e.g., NOX, SOX, heavy metals, toxic trace elements...
This is now well explained by regional differences in the toxin profile of the causative Dinophysis agent and different shellfish species exploited. Thus, predominance of PTX2, rapidly converted to the non-toxic PTX2-SA by mussels and oysters, in the profile of D. fortii and D. acuminata ...