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but have been minimally studied. The level of net returns above the next best alternative land-use (i.e., opportunity costs), contract length, having a biorefinery harvest option, availability of insurance, and having monetary incentives/cost share are important contract attributes [...
Empirical studies also suggested that public health insurance policies can reduce the labor participation rate of workers [8,11,43,44,45,46], which does not help to increase farmers’ income. By investigating the influence of NRCMS on farmers’ decision-making in agricultural production, Zhang ...
Fourth, labor migration can alleviate the negative impact of risk shocks such as nature and disease on agricultural production, and it can have certain agricultural insurance functions that enhance the ability of farmers to resist risk shocks and promote the adoption of measures to protect the ...
For example, most Chinese migrant workers do not participate in social insurance and protection schemes such as unemployment insurance and medical service, and their mental health significantly deteriorated during the financial crisis in 2007 [20]. Some studies have also demonstrated that unemployment ...
and economic value determines the balance of the number and quality of children to be born and that factors such as market development, family planning policies, land policies, changes in agricultural taxation, social endowment insurance, and family and personal abilities will affect farmers’ ...
Research shows that guiding farmers to purchase agricultural insurance [27], accumulating social capital [30], participating in agricultural technology training [31], and farmers’ cooperatives [32,33] are effective means. The non-farm employment experience is an essential characteristic difference ...
rural households with more significant household savings can provide financial support for the establishment of protective security and can avoid falling into the health poverty trap by purchasing pension insurance and medical insurance, thus alleviating relative poverty. In addition, the distance from the...