With the popularization of digital technology, the problem of information pollution caused by fake news has become more common. Malicious dissemination of harmful, offensive or illegal content may lead to misleading, misunderstanding and social unrest, a
In a progressively interconnected world where the Internet of Things (IoT), ubiquitous computing, and artificial intelligence are leading to groundbreaking technology, cybersecurity remains an underdeveloped aspect. This is particularly alarming for brai