In 1972, investigators reported post-mortem findings of heart failure in four individuals with diabetes but without coronary artery disease [21]. This led to the coining of the term “diabetic cardiomyopathy” used to describe myocardial dysfunction in a person with diabetes, but in the absence of...
The evolutionary highly conserved macroautophagy machinery (from here on referred to as autophagy) is not only important for the turnover of organelles and cytoplasmic components but also proteins [2,8]. The autophagy pathway is subdivided into three major stages (1) membrane commitment; (2) ...
T regulatory cells (Tregs) are also decreased in AA and their a to suppress autoreactive clones is reduced, while Th17 cells, associated with autoimm disorders, aredfirseoqrudenrst,lyariencfreaqsueedn,talyreinccorreraeslaetde,datroe dcoisrerealsaetesdevteoridtyis,eaansde saereveirnivtye,rsa...