The assassination of Uthman in 656 became a rallying cry for the Qurayshite opposition to his successor, Muhammad’s cousin and son-in-law Caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib of the Banu Hashim. When Ali was assassinated by Kharijite in 661, Mu’awiya marched on Kufa, where he compelled Ali’s ...
They are Abu Bakr, Umar ibn al-Khattab, Uthman ibn Affan, and Ali ibn Abi Talib. These caliphs are highly respected in Sunni Islam for their close association with the Prophet and their contributions to early Islamic expansion. What is the difference between Sunni and Shia views on ...
After consulting Ali bin Abi Talib and Uthman ibn Affan, two of the Prophet’s esteemed companions, Khalifa Umar made the decision. Following all of the talks, Khalifa Umar declared that the Hijri calendar would start in the year that the Prophet Muhammad moved. The first day of Muharram...
Also known as: ʿAlī ibn Abū Ṭālib Written by Asma Afsaruddin Professor, Department of Near Eastern Languages and Cultures, Indiana University. Her publications includeStriving in the Path of God: Jihad and Martyrdom in Islamic Thought(2013) andThe... ...