A 2019 study in Clinical Neurolology & Neurosurgery found that facet tropism at the L5/S1 level are more likely to develop lumbar spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal) due to hypertrophy of spinal ligament called the ligamentum flavum....
Posture-dependent bilateral compression of L4 or L5 nerve roots in facet hypertrophy. A dynamic CT-myelographic study : Penning L and Wilmink JT. Spine 1987; 12: 488–500 - ScienceDirectELSEVIERClinical Biomechanics
Fig. 13.3.2 An axial MR image at the level of L4 vertebra demonstrates the measurements of the “facet joint angle” bilaterally. 3. CT signs (Pathria’s classification): facet joint arthropathy is graded on CT as grade 0 (norm...
4e). Hypertrophy of the synovium was also observed. Additionally, an increase in trabeculae density was discovered in the subchondral bone, while the spaces between trabeculae were filled with connective tissue. Fig. 4 Histological finding in the articular cartilage of the rats’ facet joints L3-L...
also described only a weak correlation of MRI facet joint hypertrophy and a positive response to diagnostic medial branch blocks [18]. With further improvements in imaging techniques that allow detailed visualisation of spinal structures, radiographic findings are increasingly considered to be solid ...
Degenerative facet joint osteoarthritis (FJOA):Sagittal (a) and axial (b,c) CT views. Hypertrophy of the posterior articular process (black arrow). Joint space narrowing (thin white arrow). Joint capsule calcification (arrow head) and vacuum phenomenon (white arrow) ...
The N/D ratio for each facet joint was 1.06 (L1-L2), 1.11 (L2-L3), 1.10 (L3-L4), 1.12 (L4-L5), and 1.12 (L5-S1). In fielders, the average lateral facet joint diameter on the dominant side was significantly larger than on the nondominant side at L3 to L4 (P < .05), ...