Cuthbertson L, Mainprize IL, Naismith JH, Whitfield C (2009) Pivotal roles of the outer membrane polysaccharide export and polysaccharide copolymerase protein families in export of extracellular polysaccharides in gram-negative bacteria. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 73(1):155–177 ArticlePubMedPubMed Centra...
In the Synthase-dependent pathway (Fig. 1, right), the polysaccharide is simultaneously polymerized and exported across the plasma membrane by a synthase, Alg8 or BcsA in alginate or cellulose production, respectively. In both cases, c-di-GMP-binding is required, which is achieved by Alg...
Furthermore, I demonstrated that Pel and Psl polysaccharides provide structural redundancy in the biofilm matrix and the structural contribution of each polysaccharide was highly variable between clinical and environmental isolates. This led us to propose four classes of strains based upon their Pel and...
Panel C is a schematic representation of the main components of the biofilm matrix and their functions. The biofilm matrix consists of a wide array of functional biomolecules such as exopolysaccharides (Pel, Psl, alginate, Vibrio polysaccharide (VPS), β-glucans, α-mannans, polysaccharide ...
The ECM is the structure that binds cells in biofilms, acting mainly as a scaffold of these three-dimensional structures. It is composed mostly of different EPSs, extracellular proteins, and DNA33. The ECM of F113 is predicted to contain alginate, levan,Pseudomonasacidic polysaccharide (Pap), an...
aeruginosa strains, PAO1 and PA14.; We hypothesized that there are alternative polysaccharides involved in mediating the initiation of biofilm formation. One putative polysaccharide locus, designated psl (p&barbelow;olysaccharide s&barbelow;ynthesis l&barbelow;ocus), was derived from the annotated ...
EMC such as the Fap﹍ike fibre and alginate polysaccharide play secondary roles in biofilm formation in PcPCL1606, because they are not fundamental to its biofilm architecture in flow cell chamber, but synergistically they have shown to favour bacterial competition during biofilm formation. Conversely...
the sizes of colonies of an EPS−mutant (ΔvpsL; a gene required for synthesis of the key matrix polysaccharide)23do not depend on the agar concentration. These findings demonstrate that EPS production is essential forV. choleraecolony biofilms to expand differentially in response to changes in...
PssUMAF0158 contains two additional genomic regions that putatively encode for exopolysaccharides such as alginate and a Psl-like polysaccharide. To date, the Psl polysaccharide has only been studied in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in which it plays an important role during biofilm development. However, ...
Thus, hydrogels are very similar in structure to the ECM of mammalian tissues, which essentially consists of hydrated proteins and polysaccharide networks. Crosslinking of polymeric chains to form hydrogels can be achieved through covalent or non-covalent interactions [8]. Hydrogels have been used to...