Create dataset reader cost: the duration that is taken to create an index data reader. If the duration is long, the cache may not be hit. Create split reader cost: the duration that is taken to open a file. If the duration is long, the metadata of the file does not hit the cache...
Understanding the relationship between urban form and structure and spatial inequality of property flood risk has been a longstanding challenge in urban planning and emergency management. Here we explore eight urban form and structure features to explain
Although the data used in this study included both immature fish and adult fish, the results were similar even when limited to the feeding grounds dataset only (mostly comprising immature fish), so the possibility that sex ratio bias is related to spawning has been ruled out. Because longlines...
Prediction skill will also likely be sensitive to the choice of precipitation dataset, noting the large variability that exists across precipitation datasets68. To explore this, we repeated the analysis for DJF using the gauge-based Climate Research Unit gridded Time Series (CRU TS69) precipitation...
For example, the NDVI in street areas has increased gradually since the 1980s due to the planting and growth of street trees (0.002 yr−1; Fig. 3a and 7a). According to a Seoul Metropolitan Government dataset, the number of street tree rows increased from 831 rows in 2004 to 1,369 ...
Because analysis of 17 separate traits involves performing multiple comparisons on the same dataset, it is necessary to adjust the probability of Type I error for the large number of statistical tests. Rather than using the sequential Bonferroni correction, which has the drawback...
set to explain all the features fully. In fact, for a full feature set ofNfeatures, the total number of subsets would be2^N. Hence, we should be careful with the expected run time when using SHAP to explain machine learning models trained with a tall and, more importantly, wide dataset....
We use ResNet-18 [22] for CIFAR10 dataset [33] as the base exper- iment. The vanilla set-up, which we will use for the rest of this paper, is to run the experiment with 100 epoches with the ADAM optimizer [32] with learning rate ...
This means that there is a danger of overfitting the model, especially if the dataset to be predicted is small. However, our approach uses the DNN model to indicate what may be predicted, and then uses explicit models with few free parameters to characterise it, thus reducing the problem of...
We considered models with a delta AICc lower than 2, towards the best model, having strong support and models with delta AICc between 2 and 4 as having weaker support. We disregarded a set of models for a particular environmental variable if the intercept-only model was within the respective...