The Lorenz curve and the GINI coefficient are two concepts that are directly connected one to each other. Both are used in order to measure the level of income inequality in any country. Answer and Explanation:1 The Lorenz curve is a p...
2. Methods 2.1. Population health Our dependent variable is (1) life expectancy at birth (annual measures, 1971 to 2010, from OECD Health Data [OECD, 2012]). We also conduct supplemental analysis using life expectancy at age 65; the two sets of models produce very similar results, and so...
The definition of features and the datasets used to develop these features can be found in the Methods section. The literature referenced for the feature screening can be found in Supplementary Table 1. We divided these features into two aspects as they represent different dimensions of the urban...
There was only a small difference between the figures in the two surveys, with the proportion of marginal farmers tending to increase slightly (mean = 1 · 5%) over the period. To estimate annual figures we interpolate between the two data points. To operationalize cash crops, we ...
Is it better to buy locally grown, chemically farmed food or organic food that might have traveled further? Is it better to use energy-intensive methods to grow relatively local, out-of-season tomatoes in a country like Britain (where the climate is unsuited to their production for most of ...
There was only a small difference between the figures in the two surveys, with the proportion of marginal farmers tending to increase slightly (mean = 1 · 5%) over the period. To estimate annual figures we interpolate between the two data points. To operationalize cash crops, we ...
For further information regarding the VIF threshold, please refer to the work of Marcoulides and Raykov (2019). We then proceeded to estimate the vertex curve or point, which represents the junction where two or more curves, lines, or edges intersect. This analysis helps identify the values ...
2.2. Methods In this paper, the approach of McLaren (2021) and Fuentes-Mayorga and Cuecuecha (2023) is expanded to indirectly estimate the differential mortality ratio between each one of the seven Hispanic subgroups studied and the rest of the population. These seven groups are determined by ...
linking both smoke particulate exposure and prenatal stress to poor childhood respiratory health outcomes. More research is needed in large pregnancy cohorts exposed to bushfire events to explore this further, and to design appropriate mitigation interventions, in this area of global public health ...