stress field, possibly involving a crack network, rather than a single conduit or crack33. Something similar happens in the case of fluid injection operations, e.g., accompanying hydraulic fracturing or geothermal stimulation, which is discussed later. In both volcanic and injection induced seismicity...
using methods such as vector addition or graphical techniques like the method of polygons. collinear force system in a collinear force system, all the forces have the same line of action or are parallel to each other. the resultant force in a collinear force system is obtained by algebraically...