metabolism of alcohol, genetic makeup, and presence of congeners6. Alcohol is metabolized in the liver to acetate in a two-step process: alcohol (ethanol) is converted to acetaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH
Multiple factors modulate microbial community assembly in the vertebrate gut, though studies disagree as to their relative contribution. One cause may be a reliance on captive animals, which can have very different gut microbiomes compared to their wild counterparts. To resolve this disagreement, we ...
According to the MMT, tumors arise only from those cells capable of increasing fermentation in order to compensate for insufficient respiration. Enhanced fermentation prevents cellular senescence [69,146,147]. Although it is clear that inflammation links damaged respiration to the origin of cancer, ...
The consumption of red wine induces headaches in some subjects who can drink other alcoholic beverages without suffering. The cause for this effect has been attributed to a number of components, often the high level of phenolics in red wine, but a mechanism has been elusive. Some alcohol consum...