Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axisThere is an integral relationship between stress, brain function and behavior. Over the year's extensive research has led to the development of various models to explain the intricate intersection between brain and stress. This chapter delves into some of the...
Proposed model of the origin of sustained arousal in Chronic fatigue syndrome. Certain threats to homeostasis, such as long-lasting infections and psychosocial challenges, may elicit a prolonged arousal response, which does not, however, solve the initial problem (1). The mutual relation to cognitiv...
Describe how the memory process is affected by Alzheimer's disease. How can this disease progress? Is there any treatment to help these patients? a) What is the role of the HPA axis in depression, and how might this relate to the hippocampus? b) What is the role of t...
How does COVID-19 affect the respiratory and excretory systems from working together? Why does the lung have many air sacs? How does the HPA axis regulate stress homeostatically? Why is carbon dioxide considered the main greenhouse gas?
Cortisol is a glucocorticoid produced by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in response to psychological and physical stress (Dickerson et al., 2009; Kemeny, 2009; Putman & Roelofs, 2011). Individual differences in levels of basal cortisol are thought to reflect relative differences in ...
These hormones primarily include glucocorticoids (cortisol) and catecholamines (adrenaline and norepinephrine). Answer and Explanation: 1. CORTISOL: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is activated in response...
JacksonJSKnightKMRaffertyJARace and unhealthy behaviors: chronic stress, the HPA axis, and physical and mental health disparities over the life courseAm J Public Health2010100593393919846689 (Open in a new window)PubMed (Open in a new window)Web of Science ®(Open in a new window)Google Sch...
However, the underlying mechanism of cognitive decline in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is still elusive. Dysregulation of HPA axis is related to cognitive impairment. The present study aims to calculate explanation of the association between glucose fluctuation and cognitive function by HPA ...
We hypothesized that stimulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis by GLP-1R agonists, thus inducing cortisol secretion, could explain this unresponsiveness to GLP-1R agonists. To assess the effects of GLP-1R agonist treatment on the HPA axis, we selected 10 individuals with type ...
Furthermore, sustained arousal may explain documented alterations by establishing vicious circles within immunology (Th2 (humoral) vs Th1 (cellular) predominance), endocrinology (attenuated HPA axis), skeletal muscle function (attenuated cortical activation, increased oxidative stress) and cognition (...