The Dynamic Imaging of Coherent Sources (DICS) beamforming and applying the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) algorithm on the results of the DICS beamforming, in order to loc
download large files, for example, you'll sometimes be given what's called an MD5 hash code to check, which is a long number (often in hexadecimal or base 16 format, made up of the numbers 0–9 and the letters A–F) computed from the original file by a complex mathematical algorithm...
However, the all-input-halting-problem is harder in the following sense: Given an oracle (i.e., some "magic" machine that gives the correct answer even though there exists no algorithm for doing so) for the halting-problem, you cannot solve the all-input-halting-problem. But given an or...
(your birthday, the resolution of your television, ect.). Keep in mind that, if your phrase is an actual sentence, the password entropy is 1.1 bits per character (http://what-if.xkcd.com/34), so length is key if you want your password to be secure. (Though no known algorithm can ...