Our samples comprise all known species and subspecies: Rana macrocnemis macrocnemis , R. m. tavasensis , R. m. pseudodalmatina , R. camerani and R. holtzi . They include the type localities of four of these taxa. We used a nested clade analysis (NCA) to infer historical and ...
The global increase in species richness toward the tropics across continents and taxonomic groups, referred to as the latitudinal diversity gradient, stimulated the formulation of many hypotheses to explain the underlying mechanisms of this pattern. We evaluate several of these hypotheses to explain spati...
isInMacroExpansion isLocal isMember isStatic isTopLevel isVolatile refersTo resolveTypedefs stripTopLevelSpecifiers stripType toString Charpred ClassMember predicate Class::explain Gets a detailed string representation explaining the AST of this type (with all specifiers and nested constructs such as point...
7. Other reasons not listed above (e.g., macro environments) 16 5.2% 1-7. The firm does provide an explanation 257 83.4% 8. The firm does not provide an explanation 51 16.6% 6.2. Mechanisms for paying firms As discussed in H3 of Section 2.3, a decrease in excess cash can serve as...
planets, asteroids, comets and highly rarefied intergalactic gas. But, if this is so, then accelerated expansion is contrary to the law of gravity, which says that bodies are attracted to each other. Gravitational forces tend to slow down the expansion of the universe, but cannot accelerate it...
With an example, explain the difference between a microstate and a macrostate. What is mean by linear and bilateral? What does linear and bilateral mean? Explain the constraint equation. Given the form of the vorticity equation, explain the interpretation of individual terms. State and explain Ki...
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(for a similar macro-meso distinction, see Germain2012). At the international level, different authors have pointed out a variety of factors that can fuel sovereign debt crises, namely the impact of capital liberalization (Stiglitz2000); the activity of bond markets (Mosley2003) and financial ...
In Section 2, we present our micro–macro model of network formation and collapse. In our model, both firms and workers in normal times look to create business links to produce more of the same product, but they break off former business links when they adopt new technologies during restructu...
Spill-over effects have been previously documented, and here also reported, to explain the expansion of U. pinnatifida from marinas to the wild. We showed that the on-going ocean sprawl also offers a perfect arena for spill-back events (i.e., spread from natural habitats to artificial ...