In short, an unintelligible intervention, or ‘black box’, has to be unpacked. This is illustrated through two RCTs currently under analysis in Scotland and Tanzania. Following an outline of the projects, this chapter discusses four key intervention factors that can be of critical importance in...
The asterisks indicate statistical significance after adjustment for multiple testing (***q < 0.001, ***q < 0.01, **q < 0.05, *q < 0.1). Blue, brown and yellow bars indicate breath, faecal and urine metabolites, respectively. The black bar in b indicates repeated measur...
Over the last several years, the study of working memory (WM) for simple visual features (e.g., colors, orientations) has been dominated by perspectives that assume items in WM are stored independently of one another. Evidence has revealed, however, syst
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Prime Minister [Keir] Starmer saying the president was 'on really good form ... across all the detail' and had 'shown incredible leadership,' White House spokesperson Andrew Bates said in a statement to POLITICO, while also citing NATO praise from German Chancellor Olaf Scholz and Canadian ...
The result is quite similar to the boxplots shown in Fig. 4. We also calculated the Kendall coefficient, Pearson coefficient, and Spearman coefficient for each feature to further explore the statistical significance of the correlation (See Supplementary Fig. 3). The detail related to the ...
During testing and validation, a centre crop was taken from the image. During training, a random crop was taken covering at least one third of the image area. Further data augmenta- tion was also applied in training, this included random left-right flips, and small dist...
This gives the wheel what's known as a high moment of inertia (explained in more detail below) and allows it to store more energy. Photo by courtesy of >NASA Glenn Research Center (NASA-GRC) and Internet Archive. In the last few years, formula 1 race cars have also been using ...
Main effects of AGE, TARGET and STIMULUS on cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) of response times (RTs). Grey shaded areas depict confidence intervals corrected for multiple testing. (A) (top) CDFs broken down by AGE. (bottom) Pairwise differences between AGE groups. (B) (top) CDFs bro...
The most controversial aspect of using MLP concerns the problem of the network behaviour interpretability. Neural Networks have always been considered like a sort of black box: they use an advanced technique in pattern recognition based on a strong algorithm of optimization, but they are not based...