We analyze the impact and consequences of exchange rate (ER) changes on the investments of non-financial firms. In the case of real ER depreciations, we find that the magnitude of the contractionary effect through balance sheets of firms with dollarized liabilities is significantly higher than ...
(2011). Corporate sector liability dollarization and exchange rate balance sheet effect in Turkey. Applied Economics, 43(30), 4741-4747.Kesriyeli, M., Ozmen, E., & Yigit, S. (2011). Corporate sector liability dollarization and exchange rate balance sheet effect in Turkey. Applied Economics, ...
Balance sheet 资产负债表 balance sheet n. 资产负债表,决算表,平衡表 balance of exchange 【经】 汇兑余额 consolidated balance sheet work sheet 【经】 合并资产负债表工作底稿 balance sheet for all purpose 全能资产负债表 falsified balance sheet 【经】 不真实的资产负债表 construction balance ...
What model should be used to help understand the question? In the long-run model presented in Chapter 6, any change in the monetary policy is completely absorbed by prices, maintaining the real exchange rate unaltered, so that the monetary policy has no effect either on the level of economic...
This page shows items from the balance sheet of the Exchange Fund (EF) of theHong Kong Monetary Authority(HKMA), updated monthly. As the HKSAR Government places most of its fiscal reserves with the EF, we can see the drawdown during the Coronavirus pandemic and other times since 1996, as ...
The decline in foreign currency assets was mainly due to the mark-to-market revaluation on investments, the sale of US dollars under the Currency Board arrangements and the reduction in the month-end balances of unsettled purchase of securities.
Real Exchange Rate exchange rateadjusted for relative price levels. forward rate of exchange exchange ratefor a forward transaction. spot rate of exchange exchange ratefor an immediate transaction. Accounting exposure The change in the value of a firm's foreign currency denominated accounts due to a...
If a PAYPAL, APPLEPAY, MASTERPASS, VISA CHECKOUT: If PAYPAL, APPLEPAY, MASTERPASS, VISA CHECKOUT balance or bank account was used, the amount will immediately be refunded back to your PayPal account. Happy Cards: For any refunds processed for purchases made with a Happy Card, funds will be...
What Causes an Exchange Rate to Rise or Fall? The changes in exchange rates are due to the supply and demand of a currency. The demand for one currency over another depends on the value that individuals perceive of that currency in relation to another. If they believe one currency has a ...
We analyze exchange rate and balance of payment crisis constraints when multilateral development banks (MDBs) lend, in hard currency, to national development banks (NDBs), for NDBs to onlend to investment projects. Investment projects may be “export-enhancing” (EXIPs), which generate hard curr...