Keywords: parallel market; exchange rate dynamics; black market; causality; inflation JEL Classification: F31; E52; E58; C32 1. Introduction The exchange rate system in Vietnam has experienced different episodes due to macroeconomic fluctuations and changes in exchange rate policy following the ...
4.2. Bulk Chemistry Impact on Oxygen Surface Exchange In terms of oxygen surface exchange, the key to improving performance is to identify and improve the rate-limiting step, whether chemisorption/desorption, charge transfer, dissociation/association, or lattice incorporation/excorporation, since the ...
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