A 5脳5 matrix out of these five groups was set up, which contains a large number of possible combined processes. This matrix holds for steels as well as for non-ferrous alloys. The potential of different combined processes was analyzed theoretically and experimentally. Several combined processes ...
Aluminum is a silvery-white metallic element often found as oxides or salts in nature because of its high level of chemical reactivity. Aluminum is the most abundant metal on Earth. It is the most-produced and most-refined non-ferrous metal. It is in such broad use because it has a high...
The fineness (proportion) of gold in alloys is measured by karat (k), with 24k being the pure gold. The purity of gold coins or gold bars is often expressed as a decimal number called millesimal fineness. 999.999 is thepurest gold ever producedand refined by the Perth Mint in 1957. Au...
Pyrometallurgy is a tried-and-true method for extractingnon-ferrous metalsfrom discarded electronic equipment. The pyrometallurgical transformation includes high-temperature drossing,sintering, and melting. Roasting, melting, and refining are the three steps in this process that are most vital to its com...
The Centre for Advanced Steels Research (CASR) at the University of Oulu has been funded by three FIMECC programs over the first five years. To highlight some of the outcomes, an example of research directed towards material and energy efficiency in the ferrous metal industry is given ...
THE FSW TECHNOLOGY OF NON-FERROUS METALS - PROCESS CONDITIONS AND EXAMPLES OF APPLICATIONFriction stir weldingWrought and cast aluminium alloysCopper tool dimensionThe paper presents welding conditions and the process of creating a FSW weld during welding elements made of wrought aluminium alloys and ...