the attacks are carried out by terrorist organizations or non-state actors seeking to further the goal of a hostile nation. There are several examples of alleged cyber warfare in recent history, but there is no universal, formal, definition for how a cyber attack may constitute an act of war...
The following quote from Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" speech is a clear example of extended metaphor, as MLK builds upon the initial metaphor of "cashing a check" in each successive sentence: In a sense we’ve come to our nation’s capital to cash a check. When the architect...
Critics claim that financialization has profoundly impacted education, transforming it from a largely public good into a market-driven sector. One major effect is the rise ofstudent debt: As state funding for higher education has declined, students have increasingly relied on loans to finance their ...
To begin to explore these questions, I will focus my doctoral studies on a historical analysis of how regional and international state actors in the modern Middle East established themselves as altruistic rescuers, but then used the morally absolute definition of rescuing to deny or rationalize their...
Cyber warfare operations are offensive or defensive cyber activities carried out to protect national interests or harm another nation-state. They are usually undertaken by military task forces or government-affiliated hacking groups. Here are some high-profile examples of cyber warfare operations: Stuxnet...
Targeting their opponents’ networks in stealth, nation-state-funded threat actors typically seek to exfiltrate or corrupt sensitive data and assets, disrupt critical infrastructure, or gather confidential intelligence. 3. Terrorist Groups As with physical acts of terrorism, the goal of cyber terrorists...
Constitutionalism is the belief that the government of a nation should only act as allowed in the nation's constitution. This document is framed to communicate the will of the people. What is an example of constitutionalism? An example of a document framed under the ideals of constitutionalism ...
Some of the conflicts grounded in ethnicity and cultural differences are discussed below: India India is a multi-ethnic and highly diverse nation, and the sovereign state often witnesses violent clashes due to this diversity. One example is the Assam conflict, which is predominantly ethnic. Assam,...
Here, “themselves” reflects back to the subject “the travelers,” showing that the travelers found themselves in a state of being lost without outside influence. In each of these examples, “themselves” is used as a reflexive pronoun to reflect back to the subject of the sentence, indicat...
Today’s national security environment is complicated by a proliferation of a diverse range of violent non-state actors. Often by committing heinous acts of violence against innocent civilians, these groups utilize subversive means to exploit and disrupt the international system. ...